Up-down Adaptive Method
Up-down Adaptive Method - Related Videos
09:34
Flyback Converter
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2023
Source: Ali Bazzi, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. A flyback converter is a buck-boost converter, which can both buck and boost. It has electrical isolation between the input and the output using a coupled inductor or a "flyback transformer." This coupled inductor enables a turns ratio that provides both voltage step-up and step-down capability, like in a regular transformer but with energy storage using the air-gap of the coupled inductor. The...
12:18
DC/DC Boost Converter
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2023
Source: Ali Bazzi, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. Boost converters provide a versatile solution to stepping up DC voltages in many applications where a DC voltage needs to be increased without the need to convert it to AC, using a transformer, and then rectifying the transformer output. Boost converters are step-up converters that use an inductor as an energy storage device that supports the output with additional energy in addition to the DC input...
10:26
DC/DC Buck Converter
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2023
Source: Ali Bazzi, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT. While it is simple to step up or down AC voltages and currents using transformers, stepping up or down DC voltages and currents in an efficient and regulated manner requires switching power converters. The DC/DC buck converter chops the input DC voltage using a series input switch, and the chopped voltage is filtered through the L-C low-pass filter to extract the average output voltage. The diode...
08:35
A Simple and Inexpensive Method for Determining Cold Sensitivity and Adaptation in Mice
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Cited by 30 •
2015
The Cold Plantar Assay (CPA) measures cold responsiveness between 30 °C and 5 °C, and can also measure cold adaptation. This protocol describes how to use the CPA to measure cold hypersensitivity, analgesia, and adaptation in mice.
07:14
A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
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2018
The present study proposes a protocol to investigate the adaptation to left-right reversed audition achieved only by wearable devices, using neuroimaging, which can be an effective tool for uncovering the adaptability of humans to a novel environment in the auditory domain.
FAQs
The direction of the next stimulus change depends on the participant’s previous response. A correct response leads to a lower intensity, while an incorrect response leads to a higher one. This alternating adjustment keeps testing focused near the participant’s changing performance boundary, allowing trials to move toward the sensory or behavioral level being estimated rather than sampling intensities indiscriminately.
Reversal points mark changes in the direction of the staircase, such as a decrease in intensity followed by an increase, or the reverse. Because these points occur as responses alternate between correct and incorrect, they identify the region where performance is near the targeted threshold. Researchers use the collected reversal points to calculate a threshold estimate.
Fixed-level testing distributes trials across predetermined intensities, including levels that may be far from a participant’s threshold. The adaptive staircase instead uses each response to select the next intensity, concentrating measurements near the relevant performance boundary. This response-guided sampling can reduce the number of trials needed to characterize detection, discrimination, or another behavioral limit.
A researcher presents a stimulus at an initial intensity and records whether the participant responds correctly. The next trial uses a lower intensity after a correct response or a higher intensity after an incorrect response. Across successive trials, the researcher tracks the changing intensity and identifies reversal points, which are then used to estimate the threshold or performance level of interest.
The procedure can assess several types of behavioral limits, including sensory detection, discrimination, and pain sensitivity. It is also applicable when researchers want to estimate another boundary in performance rather than compare responses across many fixed stimulus levels. The selected task determines what the resulting threshold represents, while the staircase provides an efficient way to locate it.
Threshold estimates summarize where each participant’s responses approach the performance level selected for the task. Researchers can compare these estimates across individuals or across perceptual and behavioral conditions to characterize differences in sensitivity or performance. Reversal points provide the trial-level basis for those estimates, linking the final comparison to the response pattern observed during testing.