Environmental Sem
Environmental Sem - Related Videos
13:37
Language: The N400 in Semantic Incongruity
0 Views •
2023
Source: Laboratories of Sarah I. Gimbel and Jonas T. Kaplan— University of Southern California Understanding language is one of the most complex cognitive tasks that humans are capable of. Given the incredible amount of possible choices when combining individual words to form meaning in sentences, it is crucial that the brain is able to identify when words form coherent combinations and when an anomaly appears that undermines meaning. Extensive research has shown that certain scalp-recorded...
05:38
Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
0 Views •
Cited by 4 •
2021
We present a protocol to explore the relative activation sequence of phonology and semantics in visual word recognition. The results show that consistent with interactive accounts, semantic and phonological representations may be processed interactively, and higher-level linguistic representations may affect early processing.
08:17
A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder
0 Views •
Cited by 4 •
2018
This paper describes a semantic priming ERP task using within-modality pairs of pictures and words to investigate semantic processing in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
01:34
Environmental Enrichment for Rodents
0 Views •
2026
All animal procedures described here must be conducted in accordance with institutional animal ethics guidelines and approved by IACUC. All procedures must follow the principles of the 3Rs—Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement—and must be performed by trained personnel. Environmental enrichment involves objects and practices that encourage natural behaviors, improve psychological well-being, and promote better welfare in laboratory rodents. Environmental enrichment should be tailored to the...
04:00
Studying the Effects of Inhaled Environmental Pollutants on Olfactory Function in Mice
0 Views •
2024
This paper provides a detailed description of the buried food test and social odor discrimination experiment to assess the effects of inhaled environmental pollutants exposure on olfactory function in mice.
FAQs
Differential pumping maintains two apparently conflicting conditions: gas remains around the specimen, while the electron path stays at high vacuum. This pressure separation allows imaging in a controlled gaseous environment rather than requiring the entire microscope path to contain the specimen atmosphere. For engineering studies, that arrangement makes it possible to observe surfaces while environmental exposure is maintained.
In ESEM, gas molecules near the specimen help neutralize surface charge, a key issue when imaging electrically nonconductive materials. The gas also contributes to detectable signals, so the instrument can obtain useful surface information without relying on the same conditions as conventional SEM. This charge-control mechanism expands the range of engineering materials that can be examined.
The specimen can remain in gas while electrons still travel through a high-vacuum path. This separation supports signal generation and image formation without eliminating the controlled atmosphere around the material. Consequently, observations can focus on surface structure and environmental changes under conditions that more closely represent the material’s state during exposure.
Researchers would choose ESEM when the specimen is wet, uncoated, or electrically nonconductive, or when the study focuses on environmental exposure. In engineering, that selection supports investigations of hydration, corrosion, fracture, coatings, polymers, and soils. The method is therefore useful when surface behavior under controlled conditions matters to material characterization rather than simply observing an idealized sample.
A basic engineering examination requires controlling the gaseous environment around the specimen while differential pumping preserves the high-vacuum electron path. The selected material is then examined for surface structure or changes during exposure. This approach is suited to comparisons involving hydration, corrosion, coatings, polymers, soils, and fracture-related features.
ESEM can reveal surface structure and changes that develop during environmental exposure, rather than providing only a static description of a prepared specimen. That information supports material characterization across systems such as coatings, polymers, soils, and corroding or hydrating materials. Engineers can use these observations to strengthen material characterization and design decisions.