Cell Surface Modification
Cell Surface Modification - Related Videos
12:31
Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry
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Cited by 14 •
2012
Adenovirus particles are engineered to contain either the unnatural amino acid analogue azidohomoalanine or the azido sugar O-GlcNAz. The azide group of each is chemoselectively ligated via "click" chemistry reactions as a means of viral surface modification.
14:48
PDMS Device Fabrication and Surface Modification
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Cited by 5 •
2007
10:54
Enzymatic Modification and Flow Cytometry Assessment of Yeast Surface Displayed Proteins
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2025
Here, we introduce a protocol for using yeast surface-displayed substrates for enzymatic modification assays. The platform was demonstrated using the analysis of the dephosphorylation activity of tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 against one of its substrates as a representative enzymatic modification assay.
08:48
Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
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Cited by 2 •
2015
We report on a process of in situ alteration of HF treated Si (001) surface into a hydrophilic or hydrophobic state by irradiating samples in microfluidic chambers filled with H2O2/H2O solution (0.01%-0.5%) or methanol solutions using pulsed UV laser of a relative low pulse fluence.
02:32
Histone Modification
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2020
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression. Acetylation The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
FAQs
Each strategy changes the cell interface through a different route. Chemical conjugation directly attaches selected molecules, enzyme-mediated reactions alter surface chemistry through biological catalysts, and lipid or polymer insertion changes the surrounding membrane environment. Genetic engineering instead changes the production of surface proteins or carbohydrates. These distinctions let researchers influence adhesion, recognition, signaling, uptake, labeling, or therapeutic attachment.
Researchers can target molecules displayed on the outer membrane or extracellular layer, including surface proteins and carbohydrates. Genetic engineering is particularly relevant when the goal is to change which proteins or carbohydrates the cell presents. Chemical, enzymatic, lipid, or polymer-based approaches provide other ways to alter the existing interface, supporting studies of how these components control cellular interactions.
Cell surface modification focuses on the molecules exposed at the cell boundary, so its immediate effects concern interactions with the surrounding environment. These effects can include altered adhesion, recognition, signaling, or uptake. Genetic engineering may be used as the modification route, but the intended biological outcome remains a changed surface presentation rather than a general, unspecified change inside the cell.
The method determines whether researchers attach new molecules, alter surface chemistry, insert lipids or polymers, or change surface-protein and carbohydrate production. Because these approaches act through different components of the cell boundary, they can provide different ways to examine membrane organization and cell communication. Method selection therefore connects the experimental design to the interaction or signaling outcome being studied.
The desired surface function guides the choice. Chemical conjugation or enzyme-mediated reactions can be selected when researchers need to alter surface-associated chemistry, whereas lipid or polymer insertion changes the membrane-associated interface. Genetic engineering is appropriate when changing displayed proteins or carbohydrates is central. The resulting design can support control of adhesion, recognition, signaling, uptake, labeling, or therapeutic attachment.
Modified cell surfaces support several biology and biotechnology applications. Researchers use them to study membrane organization and cell communication, while engineered cells can be designed for controlled interactions. The same strategies contribute to targeted delivery systems, biomaterials, and tissue engineering by adjusting how cells attach, recognize signals, interact with materials, or carry labels and therapeutic molecules.