Bioreactor Design

Bioreactor design is the engineering of vessels and operating systems that control biological reactions, enabling cells, enzymes, or microorganisms to produce useful products under reproducible conditions. It integrates reactor geometry, mixing, aeration, temperature, pH, and dissolved-oxygen control: agitation distributes nutrients and heat, while gas transfer supplies oxygen and removes metabolic gases, with sensors and feedback systems maintaining target conditions. In bioengineering, design choices influence cell growth, productivity, product quality, sterility, and scale-up from laboratory experiments to manufacturing. Applications include microbial fermentation, mammalian-cell culture, tissue engineering, and production of vaccines, therapeutic proteins, biofuels, and other bioproducts.

Bioreactor Design - Related Videos

Education

JoVE Core - Microbiology

Bioreactor Design and Operational System

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2026

Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...

Research

JoVE Journal - Bioengineering

Design of a Biaxial Mechanical Loading Bioreactor for Tissue Engineering

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Cited by 24 •

2013

We designed a novel mechanical loading bioreactor that can apply uniaxial or biaxial mechanical strain to a cartilage biocomposite prior to transplantation into an articular cartilage defect.

Designing Growth Media for Bioreactors

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2026

Growth media provide essential nutrients that support cell growth and metabolism, thereby enhancing the yield of valuable products such as enzymes, antibiotics, and biomass. Designing an effective growth medium involves balancing all components to prevent nutrient limitations or toxic excesses, both of which can impair growth and reduce product yields.Composition of a Typical Growth MediumA typical growth medium contains carbon and nitrogen sources, salts, vitamins, trace elements, and...

Research

JoVE Journal - Bioengineering

Designing a Bioreactor to Improve Data Acquisition and Model Throughput of Engineered Cardiac Tissues

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Cited by 2 •

2023

Three-dimensional cardiac tissues bioengineered using stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes have emerged as promising models for studying healthy and diseased human myocardium in vitro while recapitulating key aspects of the native cardiac niche. This manuscript describes a protocol for fabricating and analyzing high-content engineered cardiac tissues generated from human induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes.

Research

JoVE Journal - Bioengineering
Free Sample

Operation of a Benchtop Bioreactor

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Cited by 9 •

2013

Fermentors are used to increase culture yield and productivity of bioengineered cells. After screening multiple microbial or animal cell culture candidates in shake flasks, the next logical step is to increase the selected culture’s biomass with the fermentor. This video demonstrates the setup and operation of a typical benchtop bioreactor system.

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