Single-Cell Detection and Quantification of Metabolically Active Bacteria in Soil Using Heavy-Water Labeling and Raman Microspectroscopy0 views•2026•EnvironmentJiazhi Ding1,2, Junqi Gao1,2, Hongzhe Li3, Li Cui1Jiazhi Ding1,2Junqi Gao1,2Hongzhe Li3Li Cui11State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesResearch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences