STIs

Sexually transmitted infections, or STIs, are usually spread through sexual contact, but some can also spread through blood transfusions, shared needles, or from mother to baby during childbirth.

They can affect both males and females and fall into three main groups: bacterial, viral, and parasitic.

Let’s start with bacterial STIs, like chlamydia. It may cause unusual discharge from the penis and vagina or burning while urinating, but it often shows no symptoms.

Even without symptoms, if left untreated, it can damage the reproductive system and may lead to infertility.

Next are viral STIs like herpes, which causes painful, recurring blisters around the genitals.

While it cannot be cured, medicines help reduce the transmission.

Finally, parasitic STIs, like trichomoniasis, can cause itching, burning sensation, or frothy vaginal discharge. Males often have mild symptoms or none, but may experience discharge or pain while urinating.

Since many STIs spread without obvious symptoms, regular testing, safe practices, and vaccination are the best ways to protect yourself and others.