Pneumatic Atomizer
Pneumatic Atomizer - Related Videos
08:43
Pneumatically Driven Microfluidic Platform for Micro-Particle Concentration
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Cited by 3 •
2022
The present protocol describes a pneumatic microfluidic platform that can be used for efficient microparticle concentration.
04:26
Accessing the Porcine Brain via High-Speed Pneumatic Drill Craniectomy
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Cited by 2 •
2024
This protocol describes performing a craniectomy using a high-speed pneumatic drill on a 3-month-old Danish Landrace pig. The access is made through the frontal bone and reveals the ventral dura mater and underlying cerebral hemispheres. This procedure allows for access to a large portion of the pig brain.
01:33
Atomic Structure
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2026
All matter is composed of atoms, the smallest individual units of elements. Each atom is made up of three subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. Together, these three particles account for the mass and the charge of an atom.The History of Atomic TheoryThe first person to propose that everything on Earth is made up of tiny particles was the Greek philosopher Democritus, around 450 B.C. He used the term atomos, Greek for “indivisible,” from which the modern term “atom” is derived.
01:52
Atomic Mass
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2020
Atoms — and the protons, neutrons, and electrons that compose them — are extremely small. For example, a carbon atom weighs less than 2 × 10−23 g. When describing the properties of tiny objects such as atoms, we use appropriately small units of measure, such as the atomic mass unit (amu). The amu was originally defined based on hydrogen, the lightest element, then later in terms of oxygen. Since 1961, it has been defined with regard to the most abundant isotope of carbon, atoms of which are...
02:44
Atomic Orbitals
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2020
An atomic orbital represents the three-dimensional regions in an atom where an electron has the highest probability to reside. The radial distribution function indicates the total probability of finding an electron within the thin shell at a distance r from the nucleus. The atomic orbitals have distinct shapes which are determined by l, the angular momentum quantum number. The orbitals are often drawn with a boundary surface, enclosing densest regions of the cloud. The angular momentum...
FAQs
Compressed-gas pressure, liquid flow rate, and nozzle design jointly determine the resulting droplet size. Changing these conditions alters how strongly the gas shears the liquid stream and how the stream is disrupted at the nozzle. Because droplet size affects aerosol characteristics, controlling these variables allows investigators to tune delivery rather than produce an uncontrolled spray.
The key breakup event occurs where the moving gas passes across the liquid stream. This creates shear, meaning a force that destabilizes the liquid and divides it into droplets. The propellant therefore does more than transport the liquid: its interaction with the stream drives atomization. Nozzle geometry shapes that interaction and contributes to the final aerosol.
Fine aerosol formation matters because the device is intended to deliver substances in a controlled way to a surface or into air. In neuroscience experiments, this control is relevant to intranasal administration, where researchers need a consistent way to present drugs, peptides, or experimental agents. Droplet characteristics connect device settings with the intended delivery context.
Operation starts with a liquid substance and a supply of compressed air or another propellant. The gas is directed across the liquid stream at the nozzle, where shear breaks the stream into droplets and produces the aerosol. Researchers can vary gas pressure, liquid flow rate, or nozzle design to alter droplet size and investigate different delivery conditions.
Intranasal use positions the atomizer within studies of nose-to-brain delivery. This application helps researchers examine how administered substances may relate to olfactory and trigeminal pathways, the route categories identified in the provided context. The device therefore serves not only as a delivery tool but also as part of experiments on substance administration and brain-related pathways.
Researchers may apply the approach when testing drugs, peptides, or other experimental agents in investigations of neurological disorders. Its value lies in pairing a controllable aerosol-generation step with a neuroscience question about administration and brain-related pathways. Experiments can therefore examine how intranasal delivery supports studies of potential treatments without limiting the work to one specific substance.