It is known that galectin levels reflect the severity of COVID-19 as well as COVID - 19 infection, and AIDS/TB. Interactions of Galectins were believed to suppress immune responses as immune check point molecules. Although, laboratory techniques on galectin research have progressed greatly over the last century. Hence, the opportunity for a visual, methodological catalog is critical for basic research in pathobiology, immunology, and molecular biology, as well for understanding the exact role of galectins. It should also be described how galectins would be applied as anti-infectious agents. We need to develop the drug delivery systems for the particles containing galectins or inhibitory substances against galectins. Based on in vitro and animal models, we can identify the dynamic metabolism of galectin. It is also known that these molecules interact with a variety of proteases and were cleaved. Development of the methods to measure full-length or cleaved forms of galectins simultaneously are important. The 3D structural analysis of full-length galectins are essential for understanding the interaction between galectins and target molecules and clinical application although those of the cleaved forms have been already investigated. Epitope identification of the antibodies against various forms of galectins is necessary so that we can perform the immunoassays such as ELISA, flow cytometry, and comprehensive proteomic analysis for exploring and measuring these forms. Because we could monitor the severity of the global and disaster-related infectious diseases by monitoring the peripheral levels of galectins, it is important to develop POCT kits for galectins that are so useful in resource-limited settings.