Surgery no longer necessarily involves large incisions, significant pain, or prolonged recovery, as was often the case in the past. Depending on the condition being treated, a range of surgical approaches may be available. Surgery is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and patients with the same diagnosis may be recommended different procedures based on individual factors and clinical needs.

The field of surgery is undergoing a rapid paradigm shift, moving from subjective expertise to data-driven, objective precision. By 2026, artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic-assisted systems have validated their roles as necessary components of surgical practice, rather than mere experimental tools. The pandemic accelerated the adoption of telemedicine and remote monitoring, underscoring the need to examine how these digital tools improve patient safety and long-term outcomes.

The scope of this Topic Collection includes, but is not limited to, the integration of AI-driven diagnostics, preoperative 3D modeling, real-time intraoperative navigation, and personalized post-operative care. Moreover, complicated surgical procedures, innovative diagnostic or therapeutic tools, and educational training sessions are also welcomed. This collection hosts original research articles and technical notes that provide a comprehensive view of technological advancements in medicine and surgery, with a focus on video-based content. Areas of specialized interest may include AI and machine learning in surgical decision support, robotic-assisted surgery and navigation, personalized/precision surgery, image-guided interventions, and regenerative medicine in surgery.

The aim is to create a cohesive collection of high-quality research that bridges the gap between surgical advances and clinical outcomes.