Mitochondria, often described as the “powerhouse of the cell,” play a central role in cellular energy metabolism, apoptosis, and diverse signaling pathways. This proposed Topical Collection aims to advance understanding of mitochondrial biology by exploring their structure, function, dynamics, and the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction in human disease.

• Mitochondria Associated Disorders: Studies on mitochondrial DNA mutations and their association with disease; the development and application of animal models for mitochondrial disorders; and proteomic and metabolomic approaches to identify molecular alterations linked to mitochondrial dysfunction.
• Mitochondrial Dynamics and Transport: Fluorescence-based imaging of mitochondrial movement and dynamics; and investigations into the molecular mechanisms governing mitochondrial fusion and fission.
• Mitochondria in Cell Death Mechanisms: Research on mitochondrial roles in apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, including functional studies using RNA interference and gene knockout strategies.
• Mitochondrial Regulation of Metabolism: Assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential and redox status using advanced probes; and gene editing approaches to regulate key enzymes involved in mitochondrial metabolism.

We welcome submissions of original research articles, reviews, and perspectives addressing these themes. This Special Issue aims to integrate diverse insights, deepen our understanding of mitochondrial biology, and foster the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction.