Lightning Surges
Lightning Surges - Related Videos
07:51
Method for Recording Broadband High Resolution Emission Spectra of Laboratory Lightning Arcs
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2019
Emission spectroscopy techniques have traditionally been used to analyze inherently random lightning arcs occurring in nature. In this paper, a method developed to obtain the emission spectroscopy from reproducible lightning arcs generated within a laboratory environment is described.
04:53
Electrical Safety
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2023
Robert M. Rioux & Suprita Jharimune, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA Among the many hazards present in the laboratory, electrical hazards are one of the most common we must be cognizant of since most of the laboratory equipment we use requires electricity for operation. Improper handling or operation of electrical devices might lead to electric shock with the potential risk of injury or even death. Electric sparks can lead to fire or explosion (since many flammable...
09:01
Performing Vaginal Lavage, Crystal Violet Staining, and Vaginal Cytological Evaluation for Mouse Estrous Cycle Staging Identification
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Cited by 673 •
2012
Here, we describe how to identify the stage of the murine reproductive (proestrus, estrus, metestrus, or diestrus) by simple, non-invasive collection and cytological assessment of vaginal smear samples. We further describe how vaginal cytology reflects circulating hormonal levels underlying transition through the murine reproductive cycle.
08:18
Degassing Liquids with Freeze-Pump-Thaw Cycling
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Dr. Neil Branda — Simon Fraser University Degassing refers to the process by which dissolved gases are removed from a liquid. The presence of dissolved gases such as oxygen or carbon dioxide can impede chemical reactions that utilize sensitive reagents, interfere with spectroscopic measurements, or can induce unwanted bubble formation. A number of different techniques are available for degassing liquids; some of these include heating, ultrasonic agitation, chemical...
04:12
Roller Microneedle Combined with Tranexamic Acid Solution in Treating Melasma
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Cited by 2 •
2024
This article presents a protocol to conduct the treatment of melasma by using roller microneedles in combination with tranexamic acid solution and evaluate the efficacy.
FAQs
Lightning surges can propagate through power, communication, and grounding networks when a strike injects current into those connected paths. Nearby conductors may also experience overvoltages through electromagnetic coupling or rapid electric-field changes, even without a direct current path. Engineering analysis therefore considers both conducted and induced stress when evaluating equipment exposure and protection needs.
Rapid changes in the electric field can induce overvoltages in adjacent conductors. This mechanism extends the hazard beyond circuits directly connected to the strike or its current path. Shielding and bonding address this coupled exposure, while surge protective devices help limit the voltage that reaches connected equipment. Considering both effects is important in facility and communication-system engineering.
Insulation coordination links the expected surge stress with the voltage that equipment and wiring can withstand. Protection is not based only on diverting energy; the remaining, or residual, voltage must also stay compatible with system insulation levels. This coordinated approach helps prevent breakdown across electrical systems and supports consistent protection from the source network through the connected load.
An engineering protection approach combines grounding, bonding, surge protective devices, shielding, and coordinated insulation levels. Grounding and bonding establish conductive connections among relevant parts, while protective devices divert surge energy and limit residual voltage. Designers apply these measures together across power, communication, and facility networks because a single protective element cannot address every conducted or coupled exposure.
Surge protective devices divert surge energy and limit the residual voltage presented to connected equipment. Their role complements, rather than replaces, grounding, bonding, shielding, and insulation coordination. Evaluating the remaining voltage is important because protection effectiveness depends on whether electrical and electronic systems can withstand the stress after the surge has been redirected.
Lightning-surge protection is relevant to power grids, buildings, industrial facilities, and communication infrastructure. In these settings, a surge can threaten electrical and electronic systems, interrupt service, create fire hazards, or introduce safety risks. Applying coordinated protection supports resilience by reducing equipment damage and maintaining operation across interconnected networks that carry power, signals, and grounding currents.