Domes

Domes are curved architectural structures that span open spaces by directing loads through their surfaces to supporting walls, arches, or foundations. Their geometry distributes forces mainly through compression, allowing a dome to cover a large area with relatively little material; ribbed, shell, and geodesic designs modify how stresses are carried and transferred. Physics-based analysis considers curvature, symmetry, material strength, buckling, and external loads such as gravity, wind, and earthquakes. These principles guide the design of observatories, stadiums, roofs, pressure vessels, and protective structures, while illustrating how form influences structural efficiency, stability, and resilience.

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Education

JoVE Core - Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Dose Size and Dosing Frequency: Determination Methods

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2025

Determining the optimal dose size and dosing frequency in pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving therapeutic effectiveness while minimizing adverse effects. This article explores the methodologies employed in determining these parameters, focusing on their significance and interplay to tailor dosing regimens.Dose Size: Dose size refers to the amount of a drug administered in a single dose. It is determined based on the drug's pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics properties and...

Research

JoVE Journal - Medicine

Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing

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Cited by 74 •

2013

This article describes how to conduct minimal erythema dose (MED) testing in order to determine the lowest dose of ultraviolet radiation that will cause erythema (burning) when administered to an individual.

Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose

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2023

A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects. In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady state,...

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

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2025

A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...

Research

JoVE Journal - Medicine
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X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

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Cited by 2 •

2011

We are developing a dynamic adaptive exposure technique using our scanning beam digital X-ray system. Rather than exposing an object uniformly, the exposure is adapted depending on the opacity of the object. Here we show an experiment on an anthropomorphic phantom that resulted in a dose saving of 30%.

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